This paper is part of a series of short documents based on the longer Briefing Note, Policy Approaches to Reducing Health Inequalities. The series is meant to provide a brief discussion of each of the eight policy approaches discussed in the longer document as well as provide a conceptual context for this work. This series will help enable public health actors to distinguish between policy approaches to reducing health inequalities by familiarizing them with how acting on the social determinants of health is distinct from acting on the social determinants of health inequalities.